Currently reading: Stock take: pulling the plug on plug-in grants

Would removing the shrinking subsidy altogether affect the roll-out of electric cars?

The UK government’s plug-in car grant, which takes £2500 off the cost of eligible new EVs, will remain until at least the 2022-23 financial year, but what will happen after that is unknown.

The automotive industry has been vocal about it staying in place beyond that date in order to help the UK’s car parc go electric by 2030. It has been reduced twice since its introduction at £5000 in 2011, while plug-in hybrids had their eligibility rescinded two years ago and an EV price cap was introduced in 2020 and lowered this year.

The fate of the grant – which has to date aided more than 285,000 EV purchases – is just one of a number of uncertainties clouding the future of EVs beyond 2023, including around their taxation. In a report released in July, the SMMT warned that if the sector doesn’t “transition successfully to a zero-emissions future with ambitious global trading terms”, it could lose some 90,000 jobs. However, the industry body said that if the UK becomes a leader in zero-emissions vehicles, 40,000 new well-paid and highly skilled jobs could be created by 2030.

In order to encourage more EVs onto the country’s roads, the SMMT called on the government to commission an independent review to “holistically consider the long- term future of fuel, vehicle and road-based taxes in a decarbonised sector”. It added that if we want people to invest in EVs, “we need to ensure that they will not be surprised by new taxes down the line and that these new taxes don’t undermine the transition to zero-emissions vehicles”.

The SMMT also wants the government to continue the EV grant beyond its current term and exempt ultra-low- emissions vehicles (ULEVs) from taxation for the next five years. It said that short-term tax exemption, including from VAT, as well as extending consumer and fleet incentives, would help bridge the gap until ULEVs can reach total cost of ownership parity on their own.

However, according to Ian Fletcher of industry analyst IHS Markit, removing the grant won’t adversely affect EV sales in the future, as manufacturers will be motivated to shift as many EVs as possible in order to cut average emissions and therefore avoid fines. Fletcher said: “I think a lot of the manufacturers will find a way, even if it means going to the in-house finance unit, if it means that they don’t have to pay £400 million or whatever the fine is. It’s better for them in the long term that they get these vehicles out there in the marketplace, and they will find a way. “From a manufacturer perspective, they’re probably not as dependent on subsidies to bring in customers, as a £2500 subsidy is modest. It’s a psychological thing, ultimately.”

The use of finance to ease the high price of EVs appears to be backed by Nissan. Asked if the firm would continue to subsidise the cost of EVs for motorists if the government pulls the grant, a spokesman said: “The strong residual-value position of the Nissan Leaf means Nissan is able to offer very competitive buying terms already on the entire Leaf range, with monthly payments on some grades that are lower than for an equivalent ICE car, and [it has] the added benefit of lower total cost of ownership.”

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96 Nissan leaf

Arguably the biggest loser if the grant were to be removed would be the Volkswagen Group. Today, 30 different EVs are eligible for the grant, of which seven come under its banner.

Not that VW seems too worried, as a spokesman explained to Autocar: “Incentives are basically a key tool in promoting electric mobility, specifically in the initial phase, but purchase incentives are in fact only one reason for the current increased uptake in EVs. 

“The rapidly growing range of models, significantly higher battery range figures and attractive prices of EVs for everyday use are factors of equal importance.” He added: “CO2 emissions targets set by politicians can only be achieved with electric cars. Conventionally powered vehicles will continue to be around for many years yet.

“However, governments need to take action: generating environmentally friendly electricity and a universal charging infrastructure have to be ensured in order to further increase electric car attractiveness for customers and to guarantee e-mobility’s swift breakthrough.”

Arguably, the Scottish government has done more to help motorists into EVs in recent years than Westminster, through interest-free loan schemes (with a repayment term of six years) offering up to £28,000 towards a new EV or £20,000 to cover the cost of an old one.

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A Transport Scotland spokesman told Autocar: “We’ve provided more than £100m to help people make the switch to EVs through interest-free loans. Last year, we expanded our Low Carbon Transport Loan to include used vehicles for the first time, so that more people are able to purchase EVs at a greater range of price points.” He declined to say how long the schemes would be supported, however.

As for Westminster’s view, in July, then transport minister Rachel Maclean hinted to Autocar that the EV grant could disappear entirely over time as well: “I think it’s right to keep on looking at that [the future of the scheme], because ultimately we need to make sure we’re not using government money to help people buy cars who could have afforded them anyway.”

And this month, a Department for Transport spokesman said: “We’ve been clear since 2018 that we intend to reduce the plug-in car grant over time. We want as many people as possible to be able to make the switch to EVs as we look to reduce our carbon emissions, strive towards our net-zero [emissions] ambitions and level up right across the UK.”

So it seems that, as is so often the way with national governance, nothing will be set in stone until much closer to the date. 

What about the home EV charger grant?

97 Modern house charger

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Along with the plug-in car grant, the government subsidises the cost of domestic EV chargers. The Electric Vehicle Homecharge Scheme currently provides up to £350 off the cost of buying and installing a home charging point, but from next April the criteria will change, as home owners will no longer be able to access the grant, with the government instead targeting rented and leasehold housing.

According to Charlie Cook, founder of charger comparison website Rightcharge, this has the potential to be a bigger issue than removal of the EV buying grant. He said: “You often hear people say: ‘If someone is spending £40,000-£60,000 on an EV, why are they complaining about the £700 up-front cost for a charging point?’ But I think that’s a bit misleading, because 80% of new cars these days are leased. People aren’t spending £40,000-£60,000 on a car; they’re spending £2000 on an upfront deposit and then £500 a month on the lease.”

He also believes that with the removal of the grant for home owners, some would-be EV buyers might be put off making the switch because of the higher up-front cost.

“People are going to be looking at £900-£1000, which is a really significant amount of money to make the switch, and therefore it’s not an inconsiderate barrier to adoption,” said Cook, adding that his firm is “building a solution that will allow consumers to spread the cost of purchasing the charger”.

Daniel Puddicombe

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Max_B 12 October 2021

Private vehicle ownership, and retro fitting of old housing stock with charging points… is probably not a long term plan for the majority. For example, Tesla is moving its vehicle production over to driverless taxi’s from 2025, it can make far more money from driverless tech, than it can selling cars. The majority won’t own their own vehicles. They will hire electric driverless taxi’s for each journey (Tesla targeting 1$ per mile). It’s inefficient for most people having a car sat outside their home all night, and sat outside work all day. Driverless vehicles fix that inefficiency problem, for most urban trips in the England - vehicles get efficiently shared. Travel distance to workplaces is going to become a major cost problem, people will probably choose to live closer to work to save on rising travel costs/time. and a more flexible work market will require people to be more flexible about moving for employment. That will cause a reversal of home ownership, back to rentals, through corporate/social landlords. Home energy use is the next kicker. Bringing the bulk of England’s old housing stock up to standard is going to be very difficult, and very expensive. Private landlords will need to do a lot of work to bring their properties up-to standard, just to be able to meet legislation to legally rent them out. Government help will go into new corporate/social home building schemes that are for flexible rental, designed to be very energy efficient, and properly maintained by professional rental companies to remain efficient. I’m guessing much of this new housing is expected to spring up around the new Freeports. Subsidising charging points in privately owned, old housing stock, in the wrong location for new industries, just doesn’t make much sense. Lloyds Bank I think announced it will become a major corporate landlord, plans to own 50,000 new homes by 2025. Other financial behemoths are steamrolling into Real Estate Investment Trusts too,

scrap 11 October 2021

These subsidies are now indefensible and should be scrapped. It is outrageous that a tax payer running around in a £1k car because that is all they can afford is subsidising someone else buying a £30k car.

The truth is, we all need to buy less new stuff. The purchase of any new EV consumes valuable raw materials, environmental destruction, and pumps tonnes of CO2 into the atmosphere. 

A radical step change is needed and soon. The chronic oversupply of new cars is not a reason to keep going as before.

artill 11 October 2021

I would be in favour of stopping the subsidies now. They arent needed. They only apply to lower priced EVs now, and when the last reduction happened, most EV makers adjusted their prices all of a sudden so they still qualified. If the grant went away, they would quickly adjust

As others have said, its wrong that people pay taxes to enable others, often better off, to benefit from a handout. If EVs are any good they will sell on their own merrit.

Its not as if they dont get many other huge subsidies as well afterall. Almost tax free fuel, no road tax, no £40,000 purchase price tax, almost zero CoCar tax.